1.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with fludarabine, busulfan, and thiotepa conditioning is associated with favorable outcomes in myelofibrosis
Shouval, R., Vega, Y., Fein, J. A., Danylesko, I., Shem Tov, N., Yerushalmi, R., Sobas, M., Czyz, A., Nagler, A., Shimoni, A.
Bone marrow transplantation. 2019
Abstract
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a curative therapy for myelofibrosis. The optimal conditioning regimen has not been well defined. We retrospectively compared transplantation outcomes in patients with myelofibrosis (n = 67) conditioned with myeloablative (MAC, 36%) and reduced-intensity (RIC, 46%) regimens, and more recently with the combination of thiotepa, busulfan, and fludarabine (TBF, 18%). Patients were transplanted from HLA-matched sibling (n = 26) or unrelated donors (n = 41) between the years 2003 and 2018. The median follow-up was 2.9 years for all patients but shorter in the TBF group (1.1 years). The probability of 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 43%. At 1 year, the rate of PFS was 80%, 54%, and 45% with TBF, MAC, and RIC, respectively (p = 0.031). In a multivariable model, there was a greater risk for death with MAC (hazard ratio [HR] 12.26, p = 0.026) and lower PFS with both MAC (hazard ratio [HR] 7.78, p = 0.017) and RIC (HR 5.43, p = 0.027) compared with TBF. Relapse was higher with RIC (HR 8.20, p = 0.043) while nonrelapse mortality was increased with MAC (HR 9.63 p = 0.049). Our results indicate that TBF is a promising preparative regimen in myelofibrosis patients transplanted from matched sibling or unrelated donors, and should be further explored.
2.
Long-term outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis
Robin, M., de Wreede, L. C., Wolschke, C., Schetelig, J., Eikema, D. J., Van Lint, M. T., Knelange, N. S., Beelen, D., Brecht, A., Niederwieser, D., et al
Haematologica. 2019
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant remains the only curative treatment for myelofibrosis. Most post-transplantation events occur during the first 2 years and hence we aimed to analyze the outcome of 2-year disease-free survivors. 1055 patients with myelofibrosis transplanted between 1995 and 2014 and registered in the registry of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation were included. Survival was compared to the matched general population to determine excess mortality and the risk factors that are associated. In the 2-year survivors, Disease-free survival was 64% (60-68%) and Overall Survival was 74% (71-78%) at 10 years, better in younger individuals and in women. Excess mortality was 14% (8-21%) in patients < 45 years and 33% (13-53%) in patients ≥ 65 years. The main cause of death was relapse of the primary disease. Graft versus Host Disease before 2 years decreased the risk of relapse. Multivariable analysis of excess mortality showed that age, male sex recipient, secondary myelofibrosis and no GVHD prior to the 2-year landmark increased the risk of excess mortality. This is the largest study to date analyzing long-term outcome in patients with myelofibrosis undergoing transplant. Overall it shows a good survival in patients alive and in remission at 2-years but the occurrence of late complications, including late relapses, infectious complications and secondary malignancies highlights the importance of screening and monitoring of long-term survivors.