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Cytogenetic abnormalities predict survival after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: a PDWP/EBMT study
Sharma, A., Galimard, J. E., Pryce, A., Bhoopalan, S. V., Dalissier, A., Dalle, J. H., Locatelli, F., Jubert, C., Mirci-Danicar, O., Kitra-Roussou, V., et al
Bone marrow transplantation. 2024
Abstract
Poor-risk (PR) cytogenetic/molecular abnormalities generally direct pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). We assessed the predictive value of cytogenetic risk classification at diagnosis with respect to post-HSCT outcomes in pediatric patients. Patients younger than 18 years at the time of their first allogeneic HSCT for AML in CR1 between 2005 and 2022 who were reported to the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry were subgrouped into four categories. Of the 845 pediatric patients included in this study, 36% had an 11q23 abnormality, 24% had monosomy 7/del7q or monosomy 5/del5q, 24% had a complex or monosomal karyotype, and 16% had other PR cytogenetic abnormalities. In a multivariable model, 11q23 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.66, P = 0.03) and other PR cytogenetic abnormalities (HR = 0.55, P = 0.02) were associated with significantly better overall survival when compared with monosomy 7/del7q or monosomy 5/del5q. Patients with other PR cytogenetic abnormalities had a lower risk of disease relapse after HSCT (HR = 0.49, P = 0.01) and, hence, better leukemia-free survival (HR = 0.55, P = 0.01). Therefore, we conclude that PR cytogenetic abnormalities at diagnosis predict overall survival after HSCT for AML in pediatric patients.
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Upfront unrelated donor Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with idiopathic aplastic anemia: a retrospective study of the Severe Aplastic Anemia Working Party of European Bone Marrow Transplantation
Petit, A. F., Kulasekararaj, A. G., Eikema, D. J., Maschan, A., Adjaoud, D., Kulagin, A., Grassi, A., Fagioli, F., Griskevicius, L., Snowden, J. A., et al
American journal of hematology. 2021
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3.
Allelic HLA Matching and Pair Origin Are Favorable Prognostic Factors for Unrelated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Neoplastic Hematologic Diseases: An Italian Analysis by the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto di Cellule Staminali e Terapie Cellulari, Italian Bone Marrow Donor Registry, and Associazione Italiana di Immunogenetica e Biologia dei Trapianti
Picardi, A., Sacchi, N., Miotti, V., Lorentino, F., Oldani, E., Rambaldi, A., Sessa, M., Bruno, B., Cerno, M., Vago, L., et al
Transplantation and cellular therapy. 2021;27(5):406.e1-406.e11
Abstract
HLA molecules are important for immunoreactivity in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The Gruppo Italiano Trapianto di Cellule Staminali e Terapie Cellulari, Italian Bone Marrow Donor Registry, and Associazione Italiana di Immunogenetica e Biologia dei Trapianti promoted a retrospective observational study to evaluate HLA matching and the impact of allelic HLA mismatching and non-HLA factors on unrelated Italian HSCT outcomes. From 2012 to 2015, 1788 patients were enrolled in the study. The average donor age was 29 years and the average recipient age was 49 years. As a conditioning regimen, 71% of the patients received myeloablative conditioning. For GVHD prophylaxis, 76% received either antithymocyte or anti-T lymphocyte globulin, cyclosporine A, and methotrexate. Peripheral blood was the stem cell source in 80%. The median duration of follow-up was 53 months. Regarding HLA matching, 50% of donor-recipient pairs were 10/10 matched, 38% had 1 mismatch, and 12% had 2 or more mismatches. A total of 302 pairs shared Italian origin. Four-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival, GVHD-free relapse-free survival, and relapse rates were 49%, 40%, 22%, and 34%, respectively. The 4-year NRM was 27%, and the 100-day cumulative incidence of grade =II acute GVHD (aGVHD) was 26%. In multivariate analysis, 9/10 and =8/10 HLA allele-matched pairs were associated with worse OS (P = .04 and .007, respectively), NRM (P = .007 and P < .0001, respectively), and grade III-IV aGVHD (P = .0001 and .01, respectively). Moreover, the incidences of grade II-IV aGVHD (P = .001) and chronic GVHD (P = .002) were significantly lower in Italian pairs. In conclusion, 10/10 HLA matching is a favorable prognostic factor for unrelated HSCT outcome in the Italian population. Moreover, the presence of 2 HLA-mismatched loci was associated with a higher NRM (P < .0001) and grade II-IV aGVHD (P = .006) and a poorer OS (P = .001) compared with 1 HLA-mismatched locus in early or intermediate disease phases. Finally, we found that Italian donor and recipient origin is a favorable prognostic factor for GVHD occurrence.
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Myeloablative conditioning for allo-HSCT in pediatric ALL: FTBI or chemotherapy?-A multicenter EBMT-PDWP study
Willasch, A. M., Peters, C., Sedlacek, P., Dalle, J. H., Kitra-Roussou, V., Yesilipek, A., Wachowiak, J., Lankester, A., Prete, A., Hamidieh, A. A., et al
Bone marrow transplantation. 2020
Abstract
Although most children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receive fractionated total body irradiation (FTBI) as myeloablative conditioning (MAC) for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), it is an important matter of debate if chemotherapy can effectively replace FTBI. To compare outcomes after FTBI versus chemotherapy-based conditioning (CC), we performed a retrospective EBMT registry study. Children aged 2-18 years after MAC for first allo-HSCT of bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) from matched-related (MRD) or unrelated donors (UD) in first (CR1) or second remission (CR2) between 2000 and 2012 were included. Propensity score weighting was used to control pretreatment imbalances of the observed variables. 3.054 patients were analyzed. CR1 (1.498): median follow-up (FU) after FTBI (1.285) and CC (213) was 6.8 and 6.1 years. Survivals were not significantly different. CR2 (1.556): median FU after FTBI (1.345) and CC (211) was 6.2 years. Outcomes after FTBI were superior as compared with CC with regard to overall survival (OS), leukemia-free survival (LFS), relapse incidence (RI), and nonrelapse mortality (NRM). However, we must emphasize the preliminary character of the results of this retrospective "real-world-practice" study. These findings will be prospectively assessed in the ALL SCTped 2012 FORUM trial.
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The impact of donor type on outcomes and cost of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant for pediatric leukemia: a merged CIBMTR and PHIS analysis: Pediatric acute leukemia transplant risks and utilization
Arnold, S. D., Brazauskas, R., He, N., Li, Y., Hall, M., Atsuta, Y., Dalal, J., Hahn, T., Khera, N., Bonfim, C., et al
Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. 2020
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Editor's Choice
Abstract
IMPORTANCE AlloHCT may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality that result in increased healthcare utilization. To date, no multi-center comparative cost analyses have been performed specifically evaluating alloHCT in children with acute leukemia. OBJECTIVES To describe the relationship between survival and healthcare utilization while investigating the hypothesis that matched sibling donor (MSD) alloHCT has significantly lower inpatient healthcare utilization compared to unrelated donor (URD) and that among URD, umbilical cord blood transplants (UCB) will have higher initial but lower long-term utilization. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study Setting: Clinical and transplant outcomes data from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) were merged with inpatient cost data from the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database using a probabilistic merge methodology. PARTICIPANTS The merged dataset contained U.S. patients age 1-21 years who received alloHCT for acute leukemia from 2004-2011 with comprehensive CIBMTR data at a PHIS hospital. EXPOSURE AlloHCT analyzed by donor type with specific analysis of utilization and costs using PHIS claims data. MAIN OUTCOME The primary outcomes of overall survival (OS), leukemia free survival (LFS), and inpatient costs were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox, and Poisson models. RESULTS 632 patients were identified in both CIBMTR and PHIS. 5-year LFS was 60% for MSD, 47% for well-matched matched unrelated donor bone marrow (MUD), 48% for mismatched unrelated donor, and 45% for UCB (p=0.09). Total adjusted costs were significantly lower for MSD versus MUD by day 100 (adjusted cost ratio (ACR) 0.73, CI 0.62-0.86, p<0.001), and higher for UCB versus MUD (ACR 1.27, CI 1.11-1.45, p<0.001). By 2yrs, total adjusted costs remained significantly lower for MSD when compared to MUD (ACR 0.67, CI 0.56-0.81, p<0.001) and higher for UCB compared to MUD (ACR 1.25, 95% CI 1.02-1.52, p=0.0280). CONCLUSIONS UCB and MUD alloHCT provide similar survival outcomes; however, MUD alloHCT has a significant advantage in cost by day 100 and 2 years. Ongoing research is needed to determine if the cost difference among URD alloHCT remains significant with a larger sample size and/or beyond the 2 years following alloHCT.
PICO Summary
Population
U.S. patients age 1-21 years who received alloHCT for acute leukemia from 2004-2011 (n=632)
Intervention
Matched sibling donor transplantation (MSD, n=102)
Comparison
Matched unrelated donor transplantation (MUD, n=186) Mismatched unrelated donor transplantation (MMUD, n=87), Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCB, n=257)
Outcome
5-year LFS was 60% for MSD, 47% for well-matched matched unrelated donor bone marrow (MUD), 48% for mismatched unrelated donor, and 45% for UCB. Total adjusted costs were significantly lower for MSD versus MUD by day 100 (adjusted cost ratio (ACR) 0.73), and higher for UCB versus MUD (ACR 1.27). By 2yrs, total adjusted costs remained significantly lower for MSD when compared to MUD (ACR 0.67) and higher for UCB compared to MUD (ACR 1.25).